Cameralism and cadastral development - A narrative
Mercantilism is an economic doctrine applied in Europe during the
16th-19th centuries with different approaches e. g. as in Germany
‘Cameralism’, in French ‘Colbertism’ and in Spain ‘Bulyonizm’(Source?).
The etymological root of the mercantilism comes from the Latin word
mercari, which means “to run a trade”. Mercantilism aimed for reaching
a wealthy society and a strong state by restricting import activities,
increasing exporting revenues and to gain valuable mines e.g. gold and
silver..
As mentioned above Cameralism is a German type of mercantilism and
roots of the word ‘Cammer’ indicates treasury of the king or prince.
However, Cameralism was not just an economic school unlikely other
interpretations of mercantilism, but also is an administrative science
which operated within the context of absolute authority of the state
and focused on educating of state administrators for developing
national assets, e.g in agriculture and industry.
In the Cameralistic period, inventories of national resources were
started to provide for planning of the resources towards development
and thus increasing prosperity of the society. However, the
inventories, managed by public services also provided the means for
increasing tax revenues. According to this view, information on land as
a unique production factor of the state became available for the
administrators from both qualitative and quantitative aspects.
The above-mentioned inventories of national reources and related
services were called cadastres. What has survived to the present time
is the understanding that cadastres were and are a means for taxation.
Today, however, liberal thought rather interpret the cadastre as a tool
which is enabling international land markets and followers of this idea
try to develop visions for shaping the cadastre accordingly.
The last decades of development experiences suggest that the Cameralist
way of development should be re-considered, especially for developing
countries.
The development strategies of the last decades envisioned progress
driven by the international market and consequently aimed at reducing
the power of the states and open all doors for international
investments.
The notion of cadastral development is based on the above
historical-cameralist perspective and thus aims at sustaining national
economic development through concerted action within the country,
rather than though international (foreign) investments.